Imperial/Cell-Free/Applications

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== Our Design ==
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To get around the problem of having bacteria in contact with food or medical devices in the applications of '''Infector Detector''' and '''Cell by Date''' respectively, we aimed to express reporter DNA constructs within a CFS consisting of cell extract encapsulated in selectively permeable vesicles. Our plan was to first prepare the cell extract and perform '''''in vitro'' expression''' in bulk solution. In parallel, we would investigate and optimize conditions for '''phospholipid vesicle formation'''. The final stage of our project would involve combining the two, so that protein expression is achieved inside the vesicles.
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  <ul>
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    <li><a href="https://2007.igem.org/Imperial/Cell-Free/Whatis" title=""><span>What is Cell-Free?</span></a></li>
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    <li><a href="https://2007.igem.org/Imperial/Cell-Free/Comparison" title=""><span>Advantages of CFS</span></a></li>
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    <li><a href="https://2007.igem.org/Imperial/Cell-Free/Contribution" title=""><span>Our Contributions</span></a></li>
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    <li><a href="https://2007.igem.org/Imperial/Cell-Free/Characterisation" title=""><span>Characterisation</span></a></li>
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    <li><a class="current" href="https://2007.igem.org/Imperial/Cell-Free/Applications" title=""><span>CFS Applications</span></a></li>
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== Cell-free in Infector Detector ==
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  </ul>
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(Specs/Design based)
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= Cell-Free: Applications =
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==Our Design ==
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To get around the problem of having bacteria in contact with food or medical devices in the applications of [[Imperial/Infector_Detector/Introduction |Infector Detector]] and [[Imperial/Cell_by_Date/Introduction |Cell by Date]] respectively, we aimed to express reporter DNA constructs within a CFS consisting of various ''E. coli'' cell extracts (homemade S30, commercial S30 and commercial S30 pT7) in bulk solution. In parallel, we investigated and attempted to optimize conditions for '''phospholipid vesicle formation'''. Future work on our project would then involve combining the two, so that protein expression is achieved inside vesicles that have prolonged chassis lifespan.
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== Cell-free in Cell by Date ==
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=== ''In vitro'' Expression in Bulk Solution ===
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(Specs/Design based)
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Since we are using ''E. coli'' plasmid DNA constructs, we chose to use the compatible ''E. coli'' cell extract for in-vitro expression. We tried out four options so as to find out the system most suitable for our two applications.
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{| border="1"
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|-
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|style="background:#aaccff" colspan="2"|
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<center>'''Homemade'''</center>
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|style="background:#ffcc66" colspan="2"|
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<center>'''Commercial'''</center>
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|-
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|style="background:#cceeff"|<center>'''''E. coli'' S30 extract'''</center>
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|style="background:#cceeff"|<center>'''''E. coli'' S12 extract'''</center>
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|style="background:#ffeebb"|<center>'''''E. coli'' S30 extract'''</center>
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|style="background:#ffeebb"|<center>'''''E. coli'' T7 S30 extract'''</center>
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|-
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|colspan="2" width=50%|
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*Prepared using the protocols described by Kim DM et al. (2006) <sup>[[#References |1]]</sup>
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*Used ''E. coli'' strain BL21 (DE3) with loss of function mutations in OmpT endoproteinase and lon protease genes
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*BL21 can express T7 RNA polymerase under the control of LacI, inducible by IPTG
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[[Image:IC07_CFS-homemade.gif|center|350px]]
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|colspan="2" width=50% valign="top"|
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*Purchased from [http://www.promega.com/search/Default.aspx?query=s30+extract Promega]
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*Prepared by modifications of the method described by Zubay et al. (1980) <sup>[[#References |2]]</sup>
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*Used ''E. coli'' strain B deficient in OmpT endoproteinase and lon protease activity<bR><br><br><br><br><br><br>
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[[Image:IC07_CFS_components.png|center|350px]]
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|}
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[[Imperial/Wet_Lab/Protocols/CE1.1 | Preparation of Homemade S30 Cell Extract Protocol ]]<br>
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[[Imperial/Wet_Lab/Protocols/CE1.2 | Preparation of Homemade S12 Cell Extract Protocol ]]<br>
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[[Imperial/Wet_Lab/Protocols/CE1.4 | Preparation of Homemade S30 Reaction Mixture ]]<br>
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[[Imperial/Wet_Lab/Protocols/CE1.3 | Preparation of Commercially Available S30 Reaction Mixture ]]<br>
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=== Vesicle Formation ===
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For the formation of phospholipid bilayer vesicles, we chose to use the '''mineral oil method'''. The protocols are based on Engineering Asymmetric Vesicles by Sophie Pautot, BJ Frisken, and DA Weitz. (2003) <sup>[[#References |3]]</sup> and Vincent Noireaux et al. (2005). <sup>[[#References |4]]</sup> <br><br>
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[[Image:IC07_CFSvesicle.jpg|thumb|right|310px|Toward an artificial cell based on gene expression in vesicles by Vincent Noireaux et al. (2005)]]
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The mineral oil method consists of three stages, regardless of composition or equipment:
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#Preparation of lipid-oil suspension
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#Emulsification of vesicle contents
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#Bilayer formation through sedimentation
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[[Imperial/Wet_Lab/Protocols/VF1.1| Vesicle Formation Protocol]]
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== Cell-Free in Infector Detector ==
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For more details on how [[Imperial/Infector_Detector/Introduction |Infector Detector]] integrates CFS into its system, go to its [[Imperial/Infector_Detector/Design |Design]] page.
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== Cell-Free in Cell by Date ==
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For more details on how [[Imperial/Cell_by_Date/Introduction |Cell by Date]] utlizes CFS, go to its [[Imperial/Cell_by_Date/Design |Design]] page. For more details on the determination of CFS capabilities and characterizing it, go to its [[Imperial/Cell_by_Date/Testing |Testing/Validation]] page.
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<center> [https://2007.igem.org/Imperial/Cell-Free/Characterisation<<  Characterisation] | Applications | [https://2007.igem.org/Imperial Home >>]
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</center>
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== References ==
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#Kim TW, Keum JW, Oh IS, Choi CY, Park CG, and Kim DM. Simple procedures for the construction of a robust and cost-effective cell-free protein synthesis system. J Biotechnol 2006 Dec 1; 126(4) 554-61. doi:10.1016/j.jbiotec.2006.05.014 pmid:16797767.
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#[http://www.promega.com/guides/ive_guide/default.htm In vitro protein expression (Promega)]
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# Sophie Pautot, B. J. Frisken and D.A. Weitz: Engineering asymmetric vesicles. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 100, p. 10718-10721 (2003).
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# Noireaux V, Bar-Ziv R, Godefroy J, Salman H, and Libchaber A. Toward an artificial cell based on gene expression in vesicles. Phys Biol 2005 Sep 15; 2(3) P1-8. doi:10.1088/1478-3975/2/3/P01 pmid:16224117.

Latest revision as of 20:03, 26 October 2007



Cell-Free: Applications

Our Design

To get around the problem of having bacteria in contact with food or medical devices in the applications of Infector Detector and Cell by Date respectively, we aimed to express reporter DNA constructs within a CFS consisting of various E. coli cell extracts (homemade S30, commercial S30 and commercial S30 pT7) in bulk solution. In parallel, we investigated and attempted to optimize conditions for phospholipid vesicle formation. Future work on our project would then involve combining the two, so that protein expression is achieved inside vesicles that have prolonged chassis lifespan.

In vitro Expression in Bulk Solution

Since we are using E. coli plasmid DNA constructs, we chose to use the compatible E. coli cell extract for in-vitro expression. We tried out four options so as to find out the system most suitable for our two applications.

Homemade
Commercial
E. coli S30 extract
E. coli S12 extract
E. coli S30 extract
E. coli T7 S30 extract
  • Prepared using the protocols described by Kim DM et al. (2006) 1
  • Used E. coli strain BL21 (DE3) with loss of function mutations in OmpT endoproteinase and lon protease genes
  • BL21 can express T7 RNA polymerase under the control of LacI, inducible by IPTG
IC07 CFS-homemade.gif
  • Purchased from [http://www.promega.com/search/Default.aspx?query=s30+extract Promega]
  • Prepared by modifications of the method described by Zubay et al. (1980) 2
  • Used E. coli strain B deficient in OmpT endoproteinase and lon protease activity






IC07 CFS components.png


Preparation of Homemade S30 Cell Extract Protocol
Preparation of Homemade S12 Cell Extract Protocol
Preparation of Homemade S30 Reaction Mixture
Preparation of Commercially Available S30 Reaction Mixture

Vesicle Formation

For the formation of phospholipid bilayer vesicles, we chose to use the mineral oil method. The protocols are based on Engineering Asymmetric Vesicles by Sophie Pautot, BJ Frisken, and DA Weitz. (2003) 3 and Vincent Noireaux et al. (2005). 4

Toward an artificial cell based on gene expression in vesicles by Vincent Noireaux et al. (2005)


The mineral oil method consists of three stages, regardless of composition or equipment:

  1. Preparation of lipid-oil suspension
  2. Emulsification of vesicle contents
  3. Bilayer formation through sedimentation

Vesicle Formation Protocol



Cell-Free in Infector Detector

For more details on how Infector Detector integrates CFS into its system, go to its Design page.


Cell-Free in Cell by Date

For more details on how Cell by Date utlizes CFS, go to its Design page. For more details on the determination of CFS capabilities and characterizing it, go to its Testing/Validation page.


<< Characterisation | Applications | Home >>

References

  1. Kim TW, Keum JW, Oh IS, Choi CY, Park CG, and Kim DM. Simple procedures for the construction of a robust and cost-effective cell-free protein synthesis system. J Biotechnol 2006 Dec 1; 126(4) 554-61. doi:10.1016/j.jbiotec.2006.05.014 pmid:16797767.
  2. [http://www.promega.com/guides/ive_guide/default.htm In vitro protein expression (Promega)]
  3. Sophie Pautot, B. J. Frisken and D.A. Weitz: Engineering asymmetric vesicles. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 100, p. 10718-10721 (2003).
  4. Noireaux V, Bar-Ziv R, Godefroy J, Salman H, and Libchaber A. Toward an artificial cell based on gene expression in vesicles. Phys Biol 2005 Sep 15; 2(3) P1-8. doi:10.1088/1478-3975/2/3/P01 pmid:16224117.
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